Definition of obesity | Definition of oxidant

Definition of obesity

Obesity is an excess of body fat that frequently results in a significant impairment of health. Obesity results when the size or number of fat cells in a person's body increases.

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A normal-sized person has between 30 and 35 billion fat cells. When a person gains weight, these fat cells first increase in size and later in number.

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One pound of body fat represents about 3500 calories.Obesity is a major medical problem today. It contributes to 300,000 deaths yearly in our country alone. Quality of life suffers because of many more illnesses, missed work and school days, constant tiredness and inability to be active because of back, joint pain and shortness of breathe.

Obesity is often multifactorial, based on both genetic and behavioral factors. Accordingly, treatment of obesity usually requires more than just dietary changes. Exercise, counseling and support, and sometimes medication can supplement diet to help patients conquer weight problems. Extreme diets, on the other hand, can actually contribute to increased obesity.

Definition of oxidant

ANTI-OXIDANTS are the substances, which are used by the body to prevent the destructive process of oxidants. As the name indicates, these substances are used in opposition to oxidants; when the destructive process of oxidants occurs, the body uses antioxidants to combat them.Oxidants are free radicals, which cause damage to the cells of the body. Some oxidants are used for metabolic processes but the problem arises when more oxidants are produced in the body. The cell damage process by oxidants occurs throughout our lives.

In the process a component atom of this substance undergoes a decrease in oxidation number. In this action as an oxidizing agent, the substance undergoes reduction.

A measure of the effectiveness of a reagent as an oxidizing agent is its reduction potential. This is, in electrochemical terms, the equivalent of the free-energy change for the reduction process. The element with the highest reduction potential (and, therefore, the strongest oxidizing agent) is fluorine, F2.

The practical effectiveness of a given oxidizing (or reducing) agent will depend upon both the thermodynamics and the available kinetic pathway for the reaction process. See also Chemical thermodynamics.

Substances that are widely used as oxidizing agents in chemistry include ozone (O3), permanganate ion (MnO4−), nitric acid (HNO3), as well as oxygen itself. Organic chemists have empirically developed combinations of reagents to carry out specific oxidation steps in synthetic processes. The action of molecular oxygen as an oxidizing agent may be made more specific by photochemical excitation to an excited singlet electronic state.

Define total fitness

Define total fitness, The ability to function efficiently and effectively, to enjoy leisure, to be healthy, to resist disease, and to cope with emergency situations. Health-related components of Define total fitness include body-composition, cardiovascular fitness, flexibility muscular endurance, and strength.

Skill-related components include agility balance coordination, power, reaction time, and speed. The relative importance of each of the components varies for each sport. Physical fitness is not only sport specific, it may also be position specific.

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